Moderate
Established
描述
Concurrent use of cetirizine and oxycodone may produce additive CNS and respiratory depression, increasing the risk of sedation and, at higher doses, respiratory compromise.
机制
Oxycodone activates mu-opioid receptors causing CNS and respiratory depression; cetirizine's residual CNS H1 antagonism adds to sedation; combined pharmacodynamic suppression of the central nervous system is greater than either agent alone.
临床意义
The FDA opioid labelling warns of additive depression with all CNS depressants including antihistamines; case reports of respiratory depression exist.
处理措施
If the combination is necessary, use the lowest effective doses; counsel patients to avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants; monitor for excessive sedation.