ABC Transporter Superfamily (ABC)

A large family of membrane proteins that use ATP hydrolysis to transport diverse substrates (drugs, lipids, metabolites, peptides) across cellular membranes against concentration gradients. Humans have 48 ABC transporters organized into 7 subfamilies (ABCA-ABCG). Pharmacologically important members include P-gp (ABCB1), BCRP (ABCG2), MRP1-4 (ABCC1-4), and BSEP (ABCB11), which collectively determine drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.

أمثلة

• ABCB1 (P-gp) multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy
• ABCG2 (BCRP) limiting topotecan oral bioavailability
• ABCC7 (CFTR) mutations causing cystic fibrosis