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Trimethoprim

CHEMBL22 Phase 4 Zugelassen Small molecule
Half-Life
8-10 hours
Bioavailability
—
Protein Binding
—
Molecular Weight
290.3 g/mol
LogP
0.9
Phase
4

This antibiotic is used to treat and prevent urinary tract infections and is often combined with sulfamethoxazole (as co-trimoxazole or Bactrim) to treat a broader range of infections including certain types of pneumonia. It works by blocking bacterial production of folic acid, which bacteria need to make DNA. It should be used cautiously in patients with kidney problems, and folate levels may need to be monitored with long-term use.

Molekularmasse

290,3180 g/mol

LogP

0,90

TPSA

106,00 Ų

Lipinski-Regel der Fünf

Bestanden

Therapeutische Bereiche

Bladder Cancer Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Glaucoma Age-Related Macular Degeneration Hematology Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Schizophrenia Infectious Disease Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Chronic Kidney Disease Stroke Obesity Lymphoma Breast Cancer Atopic Dermatitis Malaria HIV/AIDS Tuberculosis Prostate Cancer Leukemia

Arzneimittelklassen

J — J - Antiinfectives for Systemic Use

Wirkmechanismus

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor (bacterial selective).

Pharmacokinetics (PK)

Half-Life 8-10 hours

Pharmacodynamics (PD)

Mechanismus

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor (bacterial selective).

2D-Struktur

SVG PNG

Cite this structure


                        

                            
                            
                        

                    

                


                
                

                    

                    

                        
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SMILES

                    
COc1cc(Cc2cnc(N)nc2N)cc(OC)c1OC

                

                

                
                

                    
InChI

                    
InChI=1S/C14H18N4O3/c1-19-10-5-8(6-11(20-2)12(10)21-3)4-9-7-17-14(16)18-13(9)15/h5-7H,4H2,1-3H3,(H4,15,16,17,18)

                

                

                

                    
                    

                        
Molecular Formula

                        
C14H18N4O3

                    

                    
                    

                        
HBD / HBA

                        
2 / 7

                    

                    
                    

                        
Rotierbare Bindungen

                        
5

                    

                    
                    
                    

                        
Schwere Atome

                        
21

                    

                    
                

            


            
            

                
                

                    
                    

                        

                            ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein)
                            Inhibitor
                        

                        
                        Primary Target
                        
                    

                    
                

                
            


            
            

                
                

                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Trimethoprim + Warfarin
                            
                        

                        
                        
Trimethoprim (alone or in combination as TMP-SMX) increases warfarin's anticoagulant effect through CYP2C9 inhibition, raising INR and bleeding risk.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Major


                            
                                Trimethoprim + Methotrexate
                            
                        

                        
                        
Trimethoprim and methotrexate both inhibit dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), producing additive antifolate toxicity with potentially life-threatening pancytopenia and mucositis.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Trimethoprim + Tacrolimus
                            
                        

                        
                        
Trimethoprim impairs renal potassium excretion and may inhibit tubular secretion of tacrolimus, collectively increasing the risk of hyperkalemia and tacrolimus nephrotoxicity.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Trimethoprim + Metformin
                            
                        

                        
                        
Trimethoprim inhibits OCT2-mediated renal secretion of metformin, increasing metformin plasma concentrations and potentially raising the risk of lactic acidosis in susceptible patients.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Trimethoprim + Losartan
                            
                        

                        
                        
Trimethoprim blocks renal tubular secretion of potassium, acting like a potassium-sparing diuretic; combined with losartan's reduction of aldosterone-mediated potassium excretion, the risk of hyperkalaemia is substantially increased.

                        
                    
                    
                

                
            


            
            

                
                


    
    
        
    
    
    
No side effects recorded

    
    
Side effect data is not yet available for this drug.

    



                
            


            
            
            

                
Häufig gestellte Fragen

                

                    
                    

                        
                        

                            
This antibiotic is used to treat and prevent urinary tract infections and is often combined with sulfamethoxazole (as co-trimoxazole or Bactrim) to treat a broader range of infections including certain types of pneumonia. It works by blocking bacterial production of folic acid, which bacteria need to make DNA. It should be used cautiously in patients with kidney problems, and folate levels may need to be monitored with long-term use.

                        

                    

                    

                    

                    
                    

                        
                        

                            
Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor (bacterial selective).

                        

                    

                    

                    
                    

                        
                        

                            
Key pharmacokinetic parameters for Trimethoprim: Half-life: 8-10 hours.

                        

                    

                    

                    

                        
                        

                            
Yes, Trimethoprim is an approved drug. It has reached clinical phase 4. It is classified as a Small molecule.

                        

                    

                

            

            

            
            

            
            
            

                
Related Drugs


                
                

                    
Same Drug Class

                    

                        
                        
                            Amoxicillin
                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                        
                            Azithromycin
                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                        
                            Ciprofloxacin
                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                        
                            Doxycycline
                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                    

                

                

                
                
                
            

            

            
            
{# References & Data Sources section for drug detail pages.
   Renders standard pharmacological database links plus the drug's data_sources field. #}


    
References & Data Sources

    
    
        
        
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                ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI).
                CHEMBL22.
                Open-access bioactivity database.
            
        
    • 
        
        
        
  • 
            
            
                PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
                CID 5578.
                Chemical information database.
            
        
    • 
        
        
        
        
    

    
Data aggregated from publicly available pharmacological databases. Last updated 2026-03-28.




        


        
        
    


    



    
Medizinischer Haftungsausschluss

    

        This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making medication decisions.
    

    

        Data sources:
        ChEMBL,
        PubChem,
        DailyMed.