Anaphylaxis
A severe, rapid-onset, potentially fatal systemic hypersensitivity reaction (Type I) mediated by IgE cross-linking on mast cells and basophils, causing massive histamine and tryptase release. Clinical features include bronchospasm, laryngeal edema, hypotension, and urticaria. Epinephrine (intramuscular) is the first-line emergency treatment, acting on alpha-1 (vasoconstriction), beta-1 (cardiac output), and beta-2 (bronchodilation) receptors.
Beispiele
- Penicillin — most common drug cause of anaphylaxis
- Polyethylene glycol (PEG) — rare cause linked to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines
- Neuromuscular blocking agents — leading cause of perioperative anaphylaxis
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A severe, rapid-onset, potentially fatal systemic hypersensitivity reaction (Type I) mediated by IgE cross-linking on mast cells and basophils, causing massive histamine and tryptase release. Clinical features include bronchospasm, laryngeal …