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Spinosad

CHEMBL4297065 Phase 4 Approved Small molecule
Half-Life
—
Bioavailability
—
Protein Binding
—
Molecular Weight
1477.9 g/mol
LogP
—
Phase
4

Spinosad is a naturally derived insecticide-class topical pediculicide consisting of spinosyn A and D, fermentation products of the soil actinomycete Saccharopolyspora spinosa, used for the treatment of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) infestation. It acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and GABA-gated chloride channels in insects, causing neuronal hyperexcitation, paralysis, and death of lice without significant mammalian toxicity. Its novel mechanism provides activity against permethrin-resistant lice strains.

Molecular Weight

1477.9000 g/mol

TPSA

222.00 Ų

Mechanism of Action

Applied directly to the skin or mucous membranes, where it exerts its therapeutic effect locally at the site of application with minimal systemic absorption.

Pharmacokinetics (PK)

Pharmacodynamics (PD)

Mechanism

Applied directly to the skin or mucous membranes, where it exerts its therapeutic effect locally at the site of application with minimal systemic absorption.

2D Structure

SVG PNG

Cite this structure


                        

                            
                            
                        

                    

                


                
                

                    

                    

                        
Embed this structure

                        

                        

                            
                            
                        

                    

                

                

                
                

                    
SMILES

                    
CC[C@H]1CCC[C@H](O[C@H]2CC[C@H](N(C)C)[C@@H](C)O2)[C@@H](C)C(=O)C2=C[C@@H]3[C@@H](C=C(C)[C@@H]4C[C@@H](O[C@@H]5O[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H]5OC)C[C@@H]34)[C@@H]2CC(=O)O1.CC[C@H]1CCC[C@H](O[C@H]2CC[C@H](N(C)C)[C@@H](C)O2)[C@@H](C)C(=O)C2=C[C@H]3[C@@H]4C[C@H](O[C@@H]5O[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H]5OC)C[C@H]4C=C[C@H]3C2CC(=O)O1

                

                

                
                

                    
InChI

                    
InChI=1S/C42H67NO10.C41H65NO10/c1-11-26-13-12-14-35(53-37-16-15-34(43(6)7)24(4)49-37)23(3)38(45)33-20-31-29(32(33)21-36(44)51-26)17-22(2)28-18-27(19-30(28)31)52-42-41(48-10)40(47-9)39(46-8)25(5)50-42;1-10-26-12-11-13-34(52-36-17-16-33(42(5)6)23(3)48-36)22(2)37(44)32-20-30-28(31(32)21-35(43)50-26)15-14-25-18-27(19-29(25)30)51-41-40(47-9)39(46-8)38(45-7)24(4)49-41/h17,20,23-32,34-35,37,39-42H,11-16,18-19,21H2,1-10H3;14-15,20,22-31,33-34,36,38-41H,10-13,16-19,21H2,1-9H3/t23-,24-,25+,26+,27-,28+,29-,30-,31-,32+,34+,35+,37+,39+,40-,41-,42+;22-,23-,24+,25-,26+,27-,28-,29-,30-,31?,33+,34+,36+,38+,39-,40-,41+/m11/s1

                

                

                

                    
                    

                        
Molecular Formula

                        
C83H132N2O20

                    

                    
                    

                        
HBD / HBA

                        
- / 22

                    

                    
                    

                        
Rotatable Bonds

                        
18

                    

                    
                    
                    

                        
Heavy Atoms

                        
105

                    

                    
                

            


            
            

                
                


    
    
        
    
    
    
No targets recorded

    
    
Target interaction data is not yet available for this drug.

    



                
            


            
            

                
                


    
    
        
    
    
    
No interactions recorded

    
    
Drug interaction data is not yet available for this compound.

    



                
            


            
            

                
                


    
    
        
    
    
    
No side effects recorded

    
    
Side effect data is not yet available for this drug.

    



                
            


            
            
            

                
Frequently Asked Questions

                

                    
                    

                        
                        

                            
Spinosad is a naturally derived insecticide-class topical pediculicide consisting of spinosyn A and D, fermentation products of the soil actinomycete Saccharopolyspora spinosa, used for the treatment of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) infestation. It acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and GABA-gated chloride channels in insects, causing neuronal hyperexcitation, paralysis, and death of lice without significant mammalian toxicity. Its novel mechanism provides activity against permethrin-resistant lice strains.

                        

                    

                    

                    

                    
                    

                        
                        

                            
Applied directly to the skin or mucous membranes, where it exerts its therapeutic effect locally at the site of application with minimal systemic absorption.

                        

                    

                    

                    

                    

                        
                        

                            
Yes, Spinosad is an approved drug. It has reached clinical phase 4. It is classified as a Small molecule.

                        

                    

                

            

            

            
            

            
            

            
            
{# References & Data Sources section for drug detail pages.
   Renders standard pharmacological database links plus the drug's data_sources field. #}


    
References & Data Sources

    
    
        
        
  • 
            
            
                ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI).
                CHEMBL4297065.
                Open-access bioactivity database.
            
        
    • 
        
        
        
  • 
            
            
                PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
                CID 17754356.
                Chemical information database.
            
        
    • 
        
        
        
        
    

    
Data aggregated from publicly available pharmacological databases. Last updated 2026-03-28.




        


        
        
    


    



    
Medical Disclaimer

    

        This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making medication decisions.
    

    

        Data sources:
        ChEMBL,
        PubChem,
        DailyMed.