CAR-T Cell Therapy (CAR-T)

An adoptive cell therapy in which a patient's T lymphocytes are genetically engineered ex vivo to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting a specific tumor antigen, then expanded and reinfused. CARs typically combine an extracellular antigen-binding domain with intracellular co-stimulatory and activation domains. Major risks include cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity.

Ejemplos

• Tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah) — anti-CD19 (B-cell ALL)
• Axicabtagene ciloleucel (Yescarta) — anti-CD19 (DLBCL)
• Idecabtagene vicleucel (Abecma) — anti-BCMA (multiple myeloma)