Major
Established
描述
Alprazolam combined with morphine carries an FDA boxed warning for serious risk of respiratory depression, sedation, coma, and death.
机制
Alprazolam potentiates GABA-A inhibitory tone; morphine reduces brainstem respiratory drive via mu-opioid receptors — both pathways converge on CNS and respiratory depression.
临床意义
Large database studies confirm excess mortality with concomitant benzodiazepine and opioid prescriptions.
处理措施
Prescribe concurrent opioids and benzodiazepines only when alternatives are inadequate; coprescribe naloxone.