Morphine
Morphine is the prototypical opioid analgesic, the reference against which other opioids are measured, and it is used for moderate to severe pain that does not respond to other treatments. It relieves pain by binding mu-opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, dampening the transmission and perception of painful signals. Available as tablets, liquids, and injections, it can be titrated across a wide range of clinical needs. A small alkaloid molecule (C17H19NO3) with a half-life of about 2 to 3 hours, it acts fairly quickly and is often given in modified-release forms for continuous pain. The same mu-receptor activity that controls pain also produces sedation, constipation, and, at excess, respiratory depression. Morphine is an approved analgesic and a benchmark medicine in pain management.
This powerful opioid pain reliever is used to manage moderate to severe pain that cannot be controlled by other medications. It works by binding to receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce the sensation of pain, and is available in several forms including tablets, liquids, and injections.
Berat Molekul
285,3380 g/mol
LogP
0,80
TPSA
52,90 Ų
Lipinski RO5
Lulus
Area Terapeutik
Kelas Obat
Mekanisme Kerja
Mu-opioid receptor agonist.
Pharmacokinetics (PK)
Pharmacodynamics (PD)
Mu-opioid receptor agonist.
Struktur 2D
Cite this structure
Embed this structure
SMILES
CN1CC[C@]23c4c5ccc(O)c4O[C@H]2[C@@H](O)C=C[C@H]3[C@H]1C5
InChI
InChI=1S/C17H19NO3/c1-18-7-6-17-10-3-5-13(20)16(17)21-15-12(19)4-2-9(14(15)17)8-11(10)18/h2-5,10-11,13,16,19-20H,6-8H2,1H3/t10-,11+,13-,16-,17-/m0/s1
Molecular Formula
C17H19NO3
HBD / HBA
2 / 4
Ikatan yang Dapat Dirotasi
0
Atom Berat
21
Pregabalin potentiates the respiratory depressant and sedative effects of morphine, creating a high-risk combination for overdose.
Quetiapine combined with morphine significantly increases CNS and respiratory depression, creating a high-risk combination for overdose.
Diphenhydramine potentiates morphine-induced CNS and respiratory depression and may increase the risk of fatal overdose.
Diazepam and morphine together produce additive CNS and respiratory depression, carrying an FDA boxed warning for fatal outcomes.
Alprazolam combined with morphine carries an FDA boxed warning for serious risk of respiratory depression, sedation, coma, and death.
Gabapentin significantly potentiates the CNS and respiratory depressant effects of morphine, increasing overdose risk.
IV morphine delays and reduces the absorption of oral clopidogrel in acute coronary syndrome patients, potentially providing inadequate antiplatelet coverage during a critical window.
Cetirizine may add to morphine-induced CNS depression, increasing sedation and potentially enhancing respiratory depression, particularly with higher doses of either agent.
No side effects recorded
Side effect data is not yet available for this drug.
Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan
This powerful opioid pain reliever is used to manage moderate to severe pain that cannot be controlled by other medications. It works by binding to receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce the sensation of pain, and is available in several forms including tablets, liquids, and injections.
Mu-opioid receptor agonist.
Key pharmacokinetic parameters for Morphine: Half-life: 2-3 hours.
Yes, Morphine is an approved drug. It has reached clinical phase 4. It is classified as a Small molecule.
Related Drugs
Same Drug Class
Same Target
References & Data Sources
- ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). CHEMBL70. Open-access bioactivity database.
- PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). CID 5288826. Chemical information database.
Data aggregated from publicly available pharmacological databases. Last updated 2026-03-28.
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