💊 药物 A-Z 🧬 靶点 🛠 工具 📚 指南
全部药物 药物分类 治疗领域 不良反应
指南 术语表 时间轴
药物比较 药物旅程 药物家族
🇺🇸 English 🇰🇷 한국어 🇯🇵 日本語 🇨🇳 中文简体 🇪🇸 Español 🇧🇷 Português 🇮🇳 हिन्दी 🇸🇦 العربية 🇫🇷 Français 🇷🇺 Русский 🇩🇪 Deutsch 🇹🇷 Türkçe 🇻🇳 Tiếng Việt 🇮🇩 Bahasa Indonesia 🇹🇭 ไทย

Furosemide

CHEMBL35 Phase 4 已批准 Small molecule
Half-Life
2 hours
Bioavailability
—
Protein Binding
—
Molecular Weight
330.7 g/mol
LogP
2.0
Phase
4

Furosemide is a potent loop diuretic that acts on the kidney's ascending loop of Henle, where it blocks the sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter responsible for reabsorbing salt. Preventing that reabsorption forces the kidney to excrete large volumes of sodium and water, rapidly relieving fluid overload. This makes it a mainstay for the edema of heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease, and a treatment for high blood pressure. A small molecule (C12H11ClN2O5S) with a short half-life of about 2 hours, it produces a brisk, relatively brief diuresis after each dose. Its strong effect on salt handling can also lower potassium and other electrolytes, a consequence of the same transport blockade that drives water loss. Furosemide is an approved diuretic used across acute and chronic fluid-overload states.

This powerful loop diuretic reduces fluid overload by blocking sodium reabsorption in the kidney tubules, causing the kidneys to excrete more water and salt. It is widely used to treat swelling from heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease, as well as high blood pressure.

分子量

330.7440 g/mol

LogP

2.00

TPSA

131.00 Ų

Lipinski 五规则

符合

治疗领域

Ovarian Cancer Pancreatic Cancer Bladder Cancer Thyroid Cancer Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Cardiovascular Disease Pain Management Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Asthma Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Schizophrenia Insomnia Melanoma Chronic Kidney Disease Stroke Deep Vein Thrombosis / Pulmonary Embolism Obesity Lymphoma Type 2 Diabetes Hypertension Breast Cancer Chronic Pain Heart Failure Prostate Cancer Colorectal Cancer Leukemia

药物分类

C — C - Cardiovascular System

作用机制

Loop diuretic inhibiting Na-K-2Cl cotransporter.

Pharmacokinetics (PK)

Half-Life 2 hours

Pharmacodynamics (PD)

机制

Loop diuretic inhibiting Na-K-2Cl cotransporter.

二维结构

SVG PNG

Cite this structure


                        

                            
                            
                        

                    

                


                
                

                    

                    

                        
Embed this structure

                        

                        

                            
                            
                        

                    

                

                

                
                

                    
SMILES

                    
NS(=O)(=O)c1cc(C(=O)O)c(NCc2ccco2)cc1Cl

                

                

                
                

                    
InChI

                    
InChI=1S/C12H11ClN2O5S/c13-9-5-10(15-6-7-2-1-3-20-7)8(12(16)17)4-11(9)21(14,18)19/h1-5,15H,6H2,(H,16,17)(H2,14,18,19)

                

                

                

                    
                    

                        
Molecular Formula

                        
C12H11ClN2O5S

                    

                    
                    

                        
HBD / HBA

                        
3 / 7

                    

                    
                    

                        
可旋转键数

                        
5

                    

                    
                    
                    

                        
重原子数

                        
21

                    

                    
                

            


            
            

                
                

                    
                    

                        

                            SCN9A (Sodium Channel Nav1.7)
                            Inhibitor
                        

                        
                        Primary Target
                        
                    

                    
                

                
            


            
            

                
                

                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Major


                            
                                Furosemide + Lithium Carbonate
                            
                        

                        
                        
Furosemide-induced sodium depletion stimulates compensatory proximal tubular reabsorption of both sodium and lithium, raising lithium levels into the toxic range.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Minor


                            
                                Furosemide + Spironolactone
                            
                        

                        
                        
Furosemide and spironolactone have complementary diuretic mechanisms that together provide more effective decongestion in heart failure; the primary concern is unpredictable electrolyte effects.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Furosemide + Lisinopril
                            
                        

                        
                        
ACE inhibitors combined with loop diuretics can cause first-dose hypotension and acute kidney injury, particularly in volume-depleted patients.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Furosemide + Ibuprofen
                            
                        

                        
                        
NSAIDs blunt the diuretic and antihypertensive effects of furosemide and may precipitate acute kidney injury through reduced renal perfusion.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Furosemide + Metformin
                            
                        

                        
                        
Furosemide can increase metformin plasma concentrations and potentially contribute to lactic acidosis by reducing renal function; furosemide also impairs glucose metabolism and may worsen glycaemic control.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Furosemide + Hydrochlorothiazide
                            
                        

                        
                        
Sequential nephron blockade with furosemide and thiazide diuretics produces a synergistic diuretic effect that can rapidly cause severe hypovolemia, hyponatremia, and hypokalemia.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Furosemide + Naproxen
                            
                        

                        
                        
Naproxen reduces the diuretic response to furosemide by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, potentially causing fluid retention and worsening edema or heart failure.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Furosemide + Digoxin
                            
                        

                        
                        
Furosemide-induced hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia increase the risk of digoxin toxicity even when digoxin levels remain within the conventional therapeutic range.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Furosemide + Empagliflozin
                            
                        

                        
                        
Both empagliflozin and furosemide promote natriuresis and diuresis; concurrent use can produce additive volume depletion, hypotension, and electrolyte disturbances.

                        
                    
                    
                

                
            


            
            

                
                


    
    
        
    
    
    
No side effects recorded

    
    
Side effect data is not yet available for this drug.

    



                
            


            
            
            

                
常见问题

                

                    
                    

                        
                        

                            
This powerful loop diuretic reduces fluid overload by blocking sodium reabsorption in the kidney tubules, causing the kidneys to excrete more water and salt. It is widely used to treat swelling from heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease, as well as high blood pressure.

                        

                    

                    

                    

                    
                    

                        
                        

                            
Loop diuretic inhibiting Na-K-2Cl cotransporter.

                        

                    

                    

                    
                    

                        
                        

                            
Key pharmacokinetic parameters for Furosemide: Half-life: 2 hours.

                        

                    

                    

                    

                        
                        

                            
Yes, Furosemide is an approved drug. It has reached clinical phase 4. It is classified as a Small molecule.

                        

                    

                

            

            

            
            

            
            
            

                
Related Drugs


                
                

                    
Same Drug Class

                    

                        
                        
                            Atorvastatin
                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                        
                            Amlodipine
                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                        
                            Lisinopril
                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                        
                            Metoprolol
                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                    

                

                

                
                
                
            

            

            
            
{# References & Data Sources section for drug detail pages.
   Renders standard pharmacological database links plus the drug's data_sources field. #}


    
References & Data Sources

    
    
        
        
  • 
            
            
                ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI).
                CHEMBL35.
                Open-access bioactivity database.
            
        
    • 
        
        
        
  • 
            
            
                PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
                CID 3440.
                Chemical information database.
            
        
    • 
        
        
        
        
    

    
Data aggregated from publicly available pharmacological databases. Last updated 2026-03-04.




        


        
        
    


    



    
医疗免责声明

    

        This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making medication decisions.
    

    

        Data sources:
        ChEMBL,
        PubChem,
        DailyMed.