Alprazolam
A high-potency benzodiazepine, alprazolam amplifies the action of GABA, the brain's principal inhibitory neurotransmitter, by binding the GABA-A receptor and increasing chloride flow into neurons. The enhanced inhibition produces calming, anxiety-reducing, and sedative effects, and it is prescribed for generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and anxiety accompanying depression. A triazolobenzodiazepine small molecule (C17H13ClN4) with a half-life of roughly 6 to 12 hours, it acts relatively quickly, a property that contributes both to its usefulness in acute anxiety and to its potential for dependence. Prolonged use can lead to tolerance and a withdrawal syndrome when stopped abruptly, reflecting the nervous system's adaptation to sustained GABA enhancement. Alprazolam is an approved anxiolytic prescribed under careful supervision because of these risks.
A benzodiazepine medication that enhances the effect of GABA, the brain's main inhibitory neurotransmitter, producing calming, anti-anxiety, and sedative effects. It is prescribed for generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and anxiety associated with depression, though it carries risks of dependence and withdrawal with prolonged use.
Molekularmasse
308,7650 g/mol
LogP
2,10
TPSA
43,10 Ų
Lipinski-Regel der Fünf
Bestanden
Therapeutische Bereiche
Arzneimittelklassen
Wirkmechanismus
High-potency benzodiazepine GABA-A receptor modulator.
Pharmacokinetics (PK)
Pharmacodynamics (PD)
High-potency benzodiazepine GABA-A receptor modulator.
2D-Struktur
Cite this structure
Embed this structure
SMILES
Cc1nnc2n1-c1ccc(Cl)cc1C(c1ccccc1)=NC2
InChI
InChI=1S/C17H13ClN4/c1-11-20-21-16-10-19-17(12-5-3-2-4-6-12)14-9-13(18)7-8-15(14)22(11)16/h2-9H,10H2,1H3
Molecular Formula
C17H13ClN4
HBD / HBA
- / 3
Rotierbare Bindungen
1
Schwere Atome
22
Combining alprazolam with zolpidem produces additive CNS depression, profound sedation, psychomotor impairment, and respiratory depression risk.
The combination of alprazolam and oxycodone carries an FDA boxed warning for profound CNS depression, respiratory depression, and death.
Alprazolam combined with morphine carries an FDA boxed warning for serious risk of respiratory depression, sedation, coma, and death.
Alprazolam combined with tramadol increases CNS and respiratory depression risk and may also increase seizure risk from the serotonergic interaction.
Co-administration of alprazolam and quetiapine produces additive CNS depression with risk of profound sedation and respiratory compromise.
Diphenhydramine adds to the sedative effects of alprazolam, increasing the risk of excessive CNS depression, falls, and cognitive impairment.
Alprazolam and gabapentin produce additive CNS depression, increasing the risk of sedation, dizziness, and psychomotor impairment.
Cetirizine has mild CNS depressant properties that can be additive with the sedative effects of alprazolam, increasing the risk of excessive sedation, psychomotor impairment, and respiratory depression.
No side effects recorded
Side effect data is not yet available for this drug.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
A benzodiazepine medication that enhances the effect of GABA, the brain's main inhibitory neurotransmitter, producing calming, anti-anxiety, and sedative effects. It is prescribed for generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and anxiety associated with depression, though it carries risks of dependence and withdrawal with prolonged use.
High-potency benzodiazepine GABA-A receptor modulator.
Key pharmacokinetic parameters for Alprazolam: Half-life: 6-12 hours.
Yes, Alprazolam is an approved drug. It has reached clinical phase 4. It is classified as a Small molecule.
Related Drugs
Same Drug Class
References & Data Sources
- ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). CHEMBL661. Open-access bioactivity database.
- PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). CID 2118. Chemical information database.
Data aggregated from publicly available pharmacological databases. Last updated 2026-03-04.
Medizinischer Haftungsausschluss
This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making medication decisions.
Embed This Widget
Add the script tag and a data attribute to embed this widget.
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/drugfyi-embed@1/dist/embed.min.js" defer></script>
<div data-drugfyi="drug" data-slug="alprazolam"></div>Embed via iframe for maximum compatibility.
<iframe src="https://drugfyi.com/iframe/drug/alprazolam/" width="420" height="400" frameborder="0" style="border:0;border-radius:10px;max-width:100%" loading="lazy"></iframe>Paste this URL in WordPress, Medium, or any oEmbed-compatible platform.
https://drugfyi.com/drug/alprazolam/Add a dynamic SVG badge to your README or docs.
[](https://drugfyi.com/drug/alprazolam/)Use the native HTML custom element.
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/drugfyi-embed@1/dist/embed.min.js" defer></script>
<drugfyi-drug slug="alprazolam"></drugfyi-drug>