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Levodopa

CHEMBL1009 Phase 4 Approved Small molecule
Half-Life
1.5 hours
Bioavailability
—
Protein Binding
—
Molecular Weight
197.2 g/mol
LogP
-2.7
Phase
4

A dopamine precursor used as the primary treatment for Parkinson's disease, where it is converted to dopamine in the brain to replace the lost chemical messenger. It is typically combined with carbidopa to enhance its effectiveness and reduce side effects.

Molecular Weight

197.1880 g/mol

LogP

-2.70

TPSA

104.00 Ų

Lipinski RO5

Pass

Therapeutic Areas

Age-Related Macular Degeneration Alzheimer's Disease Asthma Chronic Pain Generalized Anxiety Disorder Major Depressive Disorder Pain Management Parkinson's Disease Schizophrenia Stroke Type 2 Diabetes

Drug Classes

N — N - Nervous System

Mechanism of Action

Metabolic precursor of dopamine that crosses the BBB.

Pharmacokinetics (PK)

Half-Life 1.5 hours

Pharmacodynamics (PD)

Mechanism

Metabolic precursor of dopamine that crosses the BBB.

2D Structure

SVG PNG

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SMILES

                    
N[C@@H](Cc1ccc(O)c(O)c1)C(=O)O

                

                

                
                

                    
InChI

                    
InChI=1S/C9H11NO4/c10-6(9(13)14)3-5-1-2-7(11)8(12)4-5/h1-2,4,6,11-12H,3,10H2,(H,13,14)/t6-/m0/s1

                

                

                

                    
                    

                        
Molecular Formula

                        
C9H11NO4

                    

                    
                    

                        
HBD / HBA

                        
4 / 5

                    

                    
                    

                        
Rotatable Bonds

                        
3

                    

                    
                    
                    

                        
Heavy Atoms

                        
14

                    

                    
                

            


            
            

                
                

                    
                    

                        

                            DRD2 (Dopamine D2 Receptor)
                            Agonist
                        

                        
                        Primary Target
                        
                    

                    
                    

                        

                            ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein)
                            Substrate
                        

                        
                    

                    
                

                
            


            
            

                
                

                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Major


                            
                                Levodopa + Quetiapine
                            
                        

                        
                        
Quetiapine, a D2 receptor antagonist, pharmacodynamically opposes levodopa's dopaminergic effect, worsening Parkinson's disease motor symptoms.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Major


                            
                                Levodopa + Aripiprazole
                            
                        

                        
                        
Aripiprazole acts as a partial D2 agonist/antagonist and can oppose levodopa's dopaminergic therapy, worsening Parkinson's disease symptoms.

                        
                    
                    
                    
                        

                            

  
  Moderate


                            
                                Levodopa + Carbamazepine
                            
                        

                        
                        
Carbamazepine may reduce levodopa efficacy through enzyme induction and pharmacodynamic antagonism, potentially worsening Parkinson's disease control.

                        
                    
                    
                

                
            


            
            

                
                


    
    
        
    
    
    
No side effects recorded

    
    
Side effect data is not yet available for this drug.

    



                
            


            
            
            

                
Frequently Asked Questions

                

                    
                    

                        
                        

                            
A dopamine precursor used as the primary treatment for Parkinson's disease, where it is converted to dopamine in the brain to replace the lost chemical messenger. It is typically combined with carbidopa to enhance its effectiveness and reduce side effects.

                        

                    

                    

                    

                    
                    

                        
                        

                            
Metabolic precursor of dopamine that crosses the BBB.

                        

                    

                    

                    
                    

                        
                        

                            
Key pharmacokinetic parameters for Levodopa: Half-life: 1.5 hours.

                        

                    

                    

                    

                        
                        

                            
Yes, Levodopa is an approved drug. It has reached clinical phase 4. It is classified as a Small molecule.

                        

                    

                

            

            

            
            
            

                
                
                    ADME Journey →
                
                
                
            

            

            
            
            

                
Related Drugs


                
                

                    
Same Drug Class

                    

                        
                        
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                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                        
                            Alprazolam
                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                        
                            Aripiprazole
                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                        
                            Aspirin
                            Small molecule
                        
                        
                    

                

                

                
                
                
            

            

            
            
{# References & Data Sources section for drug detail pages.
   Renders standard pharmacological database links plus the drug's data_sources field. #}


    
References & Data Sources

    
    
        
        
  • 
            
            
                ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI).
                CHEMBL1009.
                Open-access bioactivity database.
            
        
    • 
        
        
        
  • 
            
            
                PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
                CID 6047.
                Chemical information database.
            
        
    • 
        
        
        
        
    

    
Data aggregated from publicly available pharmacological databases. Last updated 2026-03-04.




        


        
        
    


    



    
Medical Disclaimer

    

        This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making medication decisions.
    

    

        Data sources:
        ChEMBL,
        PubChem,
        DailyMed.